Handicap (golf)

is a numerical measure of a golfer's potential that is used to enable players of varying abilities to

compete against one another.

History

  The first record for golf handicaps is thought to be in the late 17th century, with the number of

strokes and holes negotiated between competing golfers before the start of the game.

During the second half of the 19th century, taking the difference between a golfer's top three runs

and a par average during the year became the most widely used handicap method in England and

Scotland. As sports grew, so did complaints about the fairness of handicaps, especially unfortunate

because underperforming players were far less likely to play to their three-point average. Another

problem was the system's lack of consideration for the various difficulties of other courses, which

meant that handicaps were not very portable.

  In an attempt to solve the problem with a fairly basic handicap system and many variants of other

systems, the British and Irish authorities pursued standardization.

As sports grew globally, associations around the world each made or adopted their own rules related

to disability. By the early 21st century, six major handcapping systems were in operation worldwide:

USGA Handicap System, EGA Handicap System, CONGU Integrated Handicap System, Golf

Australia Handicap System, South Africa Handicap System, and Argentina Handicap System.

Although these systems share several common features, for example, most use common

course-rated systems, they are not easily portable because differences cause difficulty in converting

handicaps between systems. To eliminate this problem, USGA and The R&A worked with various

existing hand-capping authorities to devise a new global handicap system that was phased out

globally in 2020.

  Overview: Amateur golfers who are members of a golf club are generally eligible for formal

handicaps if they pay the annual fees of the general regional and national associations. Formal

handicaps are managed by golf clubs where the association often provides additional peer reviews

of low handicaps. Other systems that are often provided free of charge are available to golfers who

are not eligible for official handicaps. Handicap systems are not commonly used in professional golf.

Golfers with zero handicaps are called scratch golfers, and golfers with 18 handicaps are called

bogey golfers.

  While USGA manages its own handcapping system, the management of handcapping systems in

countries belonging to R&A is the responsibility of the National Golf Association of the country.

These bodies have different ways of producing handicaps, but they are generally based on

calculating an individual's ability to play from the history of recent rounds. Therefore, the handicap is

not fixed and is regularly adjusted according to the player's increase or decrease in scoring. Some

systems (e.g., the World Handicap System, USGA, and the European Golf Association) involve

calculations of play handicaps that depend on the course being played and the tea set being used,

while others (e.g., the Congo integrated handicap system) use the assigned handicaps by rounding

them to the nearest integer.

 Contrary to popular opinion, a player's handicap 스포츠토토  is intended to reflect a player's potential or "average best" rather than his overall average score. Statistically, people with low handicaps will use them more often because they are more consistent than people with high handicaps.

Handicaps System :

  Scoring The total number of strokes taken for a hole (or round) before accounting for a golfer's

handicap is called the gross score for that hole (or round), and the number of strokes taken after

subtracting any handicap allowance is called the net score

  Course Rating Course Rating, (Standard) Scratch Score, Scratch Rating, and Standard Rating

are largely equivalent ratings that are used to indicate the average "good score" by a scratch golfer

for a set of tees on a golf course.

Slope Rating Devised by the USGA, the Slope Rating of a golf course describes the relative

difficulty of a course for a bogey golfer compared to a scratch golfer. Slope Ratings are in the range

55 to 155, with a course of standard relative difficulty having a rating of 113; the higher the number,

the more relatively difficult the course is.